Protection

Short-to-VBUS Protection

Specialised diodes that protect USB Type-C and other connector pins from accidental shorts to power rails.

What is it?

Short-to-VBUS is a specific failure mode in modern USB Type-C designs. A reversible Type-C connector can route VBUS (5 V or up to 24 V in PD) onto pins that normally carry low-voltage signals (CC1, CC2, SBU1, SBU2). Without protection, the 5-24 V VBUS will instantly destroy the connected IC (CC controller, MUX, or audio chip). A Short-to-VBUS diode blocks the high-voltage event in nanoseconds while presenting almost no capacitance to the normal signal.

When do you need it?

  • USB Type-C CC1 / CC2 pin protection on host or device side.
  • USB Type-C SBU1 / SBU2 pin protection (audio / DisplayPort alt-mode side-band).
  • Any pluggable connector where high-voltage rails can be shorted to low-voltage pins (e.g., automotive infotainment connectors).
  • USB-PD designs running 9 V / 15 V / 20 V — these voltages MUST be blocked from the signal side.

How to pick the right one

Blocking voltage
Must exceed the highest VBUS your design might encounter. 24 V minimum for USB-PD.
Working voltage (signal side)
Must match the CC / SBU normal range (typically 0-5 V).
Capacitance
Lower is better for SBU lines carrying DisplayPort or audio. <2 pF for HBR3 alt-mode.
Latch / hold behaviour
Some Short-to-VBUS parts latch when triggered (need power-cycle to recover); others are auto-recovering. Pick based on your fault-handling design.
Package
USB Type-C connectors are extremely space-constrained — DFN1006 or smaller preferred.

What Magnias offers

Magnias's flagship Short-to-VBUS device for the USB Type-C ecosystem is MI2330G-F33, a clean active part covering 24 V blocking with auto-recovery behaviour. Older MI2230 / MI2230A / MI2330A variants are EOL — please standardise on MI2330G-F33 for new designs.

Common questions

Isn't a regular TVS enough for Type-C protection?
No. A regular TVS clamps the voltage but still passes significant current. Short-to-VBUS requires a blocking device that interrupts the path — not just clamps it.
What's the difference between Short-to-VBUS and ESD?
ESD diodes handle nanosecond / microsecond transients with low IPP. Short-to-VBUS handles steady-state DC shorts that last seconds to minutes — completely different design.
Why is MI2330G-F33 the only active part?
Earlier MI2230 / MI2230A / MI2330A variants were superseded as USB-PD blocking voltage requirements rose. MI2330G-F33 covers the full modern USB-PD 24 V spec.
Do I need Short-to-VBUS on every USB Type-C pin?
No, just CC1, CC2, SBU1, SBU2. The actual D+/D− and SS RX/TX pairs are differentially protected by ESD diodes — they don't see VBUS shorts in normal connector geometry.